Consular diplomacy has recently experienced a dramatic surge in status in foreign ministries as overseas flows of tourists and migrants multiply, and the public becomes more concerned with foreign affairs and consular protection.
This course provides comprehensive insight into all dimensions of consular diplomacy and its connections with interstate diplomacy. At heart, consular diplomacy deals with two sets of people: first, one’s own citizens who need documents, protection and assistance in differing situations while resident abroad or in transit, whether in a legal or undocumented status; and second, foreign citizens coming to one’s country who need visas to enter, and issues arising from that.
By the end of the course, participants should be able to:
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Describe the international law basis of consular diplomacy and the elements of consular diplomacy in practice, including the use of honorary consuls.
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Explain how practical dimensions of consular work relate to theory and the evolution of this genre of diplomacy, including its relationship to other branches of diplomatic work.
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Explain and provide examples of how consular diplomacy connects to related subjects, including outreach to a diaspora, migration, labour affairs services to own citizens working abroad, and emergency management in delivering consular services.
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Effectively organise and plan work at a consular post in a mission abroad.
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Explain and justify the potential and value of this branch of diplomatic work.
Excerpt from course materials
In 1964 in China… I saw this [the value of consular diplomacy as a key public service for citizens] clearly. At the time, India-China relations were very low…; other than officials, no one travelled between the countries and a handful of Indian students had also left. Among three or four old residents who had clung on, an Indian businessman was serving a six-year prison sentence in Shanghai on a bogus charge. Every six months or so someone from the embassy in Beijing made the 18-hour train journey to meet him, taking some Indian foodstuff and a handful of magazines. His pitiable isolation in that grim prison, and his tearful gratitude at meeting a compatriot, brought home the human dimension of what could be called a routine consular function; that left an indelible memory.
Course outline
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Consular diplomacy: The basics: relationship with other segments of diplomacy; why it has now gained in prominence; the home and foreign dimension of consular diplomacy; link with diaspora diplomacy; different offices that perform related functions.
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The working of consulates: typical needs; relationship with the other segments of diplomacy; role in sub-state diplomacy; mobile posts and virtual outposts; application of technology; diplomatic role following severance of diplomatic relations.
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Migration and diplomacy: the economics and social circumstances of migration; demographic compulsions; the handling of undocumented aliens, the political, social and other dimensions; world trends.
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Diaspora Diplomacy: the importance of diasporas; home role of diasporas; political, economic and other impact in relationship building; evolution over generation change; case studies; best practices; hazards of this form of diplomacy, such as overstepping diplomatic norms.
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The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR): key provisions of the VCCR; strengths and limitations of the legal provisions; consular agreements; comparison with Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations; other international agreements; role of bilateral accords.
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Visa: the rationale of visas, visa agreements; range of visa issues, management of services, current trends; restrictions resulting from the global threat of terrorism; application of technology and outsourcing.
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Protection of citizens: different elements of protection, circumstances in which protection is available; movement of people and the context for labour protection; emergency help, repatriation of distressed citizens, return of last remains; typical problem issues; disaster assistance.
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Honorary consuls: their legal position, rights, duties and privileges; typical tasks today; case studies; methods for getting the maximum returns; practical problems in selection and operation of the system.